12 Days Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Contrast Tour: Silk Road Splendor & Nomadic Adventure

Hello travelers! Welcome to Tashkent, Uzbekistan’s vibrant capital and largest city! This modern metropolis is the perfect gateway to the country’s Silk Road wonders, seamlessly blending Soviet-era grandeur with contemporary spirit.

Upon landing at Tashkent International Airport, your guide will meet you at the arrival gate, holding a sign with your name. From there, transfer to your downtown hotel, and check in your hotel. (Tip: the airport is located just about 7 km southeast of the city center, a quick and easy transfer.)

Arrival in Tashkent

Fly into Tashkent International Airport (TAS), the main gateway to Uzbekistan, served by major airlines such as Uzbekistan Airways, Turkish Airlines, and Lufthansa, with direct flights from Moscow, Dubai, Istanbul, Seoul, and Beijing. For a seamless trip, double-check flight options with Asia Odyssey Travel before booking.

Visa & Entry Requirements

Travel is hassle-free: over 60 nationalities enjoy visa-free entry, while others can easily apply online for an e-visa. Be sure your passport is valid for at least six months, and confirm the latest entry rules through Uzbekistan’s official e-visa portal before departure.

Half-day City Tour in Tashkent:

This afternoon, explore Tashkent, a city where centuries-old traditions meet modern charm. Begin your day in the Old City at the Khast-Imam Complex, the spiritual heart of Tashkent. This serene ensemble of blue-domed mosques, mausoleums, and madrasahs invites you to step back in time. Here you’ll find the elegant Hazrati Imam Mosque, whose twin 53-meter minarets and gold-leafed domes dominate the square, as well as the Tillya Sheikh Mosque, Barak Khan Madrasah, and the Mausoleum of Abu Bakr Kaffal Shashi, a 10th-century scholar, poet, and locksmith-saint after whom the complex is named. Be sure to visit the Mui Muborak Library, home to the revered 7th-century Osman Qur’an - one of the world’s oldest copies.

After soaking up the complex’s peaceful atmosphere, stroll through Barak Khan Madrasah, now home to artisan workshops and boutiques. Watch local masters create ikat fabrics, woodcarvings, pottery, and jewelry, giving you a chance to bring home a unique handmade souvenir.

Next, head to the iconic Chorsu Bazaar, a sensory feast under its massive turquoise dome. Browse stalls piled high with fresh produce, fragrant spices, dried fruits, and traditional breads straight from the tandoor. Take time to sample street snacks, chat with friendly vendors, and soak up the lively atmosphere of daily Tashkent life.

In the afternoon, descend underground for a ride on the Tashkent Metro - an experience in itself. As the first subway system in Central Asia, it is a living museum of Soviet architecture and Uzbek decorative art. Each station is uniquely designed, from Kosmonavtlar with its cosmonaut-themed mosaics to Paxtakor with cotton motifs.

Emerge at Amir Timur Square, the heart of modern Tashkent. Surrounded by landmarks such as Hotel Uzbekistan, the Palace of International Forums, and the University of Law, the square is anchored by a bronze equestrian statue of Amir Timur, the great Central Asian conqueror and founder of the Timurid Empire. Take time to relax by the fountains, stroll through the green spaces, and - if time allows - visit the Amir Timur Museum (closed Mondays), whose striking dome is depicted on the 1,000-som banknote. Inside, discover fascinating exhibits on Timur’s life and legacy.

After the tour, be escorted to the hotel in Tashkent.

This morning, take the train from Tashkent to Bukhara, where you will be met at the railway station and transferred to begin your exploration.

Bukhara - a UNESCO World Heritage city often called the “Second Mecca” - is more than 2,500 years old. Once a major Silk Road hub and a flourishing center of Islamic scholarship, it was also the legendary setting for tales from One Thousand and One Nights.

Begin with a visit to the Ismail Samani Mausoleum, one of Central Asia’s most important architectural treasures and the only surviving monument of the Samanid dynasty (9th–10th centuries). This cube-shaped brick masterpiece is celebrated for its harmonious proportions and intricate brickwork, blending Zoroastrian symbolism with early Islamic design. Located in the peaceful Samani Park, it offers a quiet spot to reflect on Bukhara’s ancient history and enduring spiritual legacy.

As evening falls, head to the Ark of Bukhara, the city’s ancient fortress and former royal residence. Climb to its viewing platform for a panoramic sunset over the Po-i-Kalyan complex and the old town’s silhouette - an unforgettable way to end your first day in Bukhara.

Enjoy an overnight stay in this timeless Silk Road city - Bukhara.

Bukhara is a compact, walkable city where nearly all monuments lie within 5 km of each other - perfect for a leisurely day of exploration.

This morning, board the train to Bukhara, a UNESCO World Heritage city often called the “Second Mecca.” With a history spanning over 2,500 years, Bukhara was one of the great hubs of the Silk Road, a thriving center of Islamic scholarship, and the legendary setting for many tales from One Thousand and One Nights.

Bukhara is a compact, walkable city where nearly all monuments lie within 5 km of each other - perfect for a leisurely day of exploration. After arrival, transfer to Chor Minor Madrasah, the famous “Four Minarets” whose unique towers, each with different decoration, are believed by some to represent the world’s four religions.

Continue to Lyabi Hauz Ensemble, the lively heart of 17th-century Bukhara. This square was built around a tranquil pool shaded by ancient mulberry trees and surrounded by three remarkable monuments: the Nadir Divan-Beghi Madrasah and Khanaka, and the Kukeldash Madrasah. Once a busy Silk Road trading hub, Lyabi Hauz remains vibrant today, with teahouses, artisans, and locals gathering around the charming statue of Khodja Nasreddin (Afandi), the beloved trickster-philosopher of Central Asian folklore.

Stroll through the historic Trading Domes, a series of 16th-century bazaars that once specialized in jewelry, currency exchange, hats, and carpets. Today, they are filled with stalls selling traditional crafts, textiles, and souvenirs, offering a lively glimpse into Bukhara’s mercantile past.

Your walking tour ends at the majestic Po-i-Kalyan Complex, the spiritual and architectural centerpiece of the city. The iconic Kalyan Minaret (built in 1127 and spared by Genghis Khan) towers 47 meters over the square, joined by the vast Kalyan Mosque - capable of holding 10,000 worshippers—and the stunning Mir-i-Arab Madrasah with its turquoise domes and intricate tilework.

Stay overnight in Bukhara.

After breakfast, set off from Bukhara toward Samarkand, with a stop in Shakhrisabz - the birthplace of the great conqueror Amir Timur (Tamerlane).

The journey from Bukhara to Shakhrisabz (about 264 km, 4-5 hours) takes you through flat desert landscapes before giving way to rolling hills dotted with lush green fields and orchards.

Upon arrival in Shakhrisabz, explore the Ruins of Ak-Saray Palace, Timur’s grand summer residence. Although only fragments of the monumental gateway remain, its scale is awe-inspiring - its soaring arch once stood over 40 meters high, richly decorated with blue-glazed tiles that hint at its former glory.

Continue to the Dorut Tilovat Complex, a serene ensemble of religious buildings where Timur’s spiritual mentor, Sheikh Shamsiddin Kulol, is buried. Admire the intricately tiled Kok Gumbaz Mosque, known as the “Blue Dome,” built by Timur’s grandson Ulugh Beg.

Then, visit the Dorus Saodat Complex, Timur’s intended dynastic mausoleum. Walk through its tranquil courtyards and see the crypt believed to have been prepared for Timur himself, a place of great historical significance.

After your visit, continue the scenic drive to Samarkand (92 km, about 1.5-2 hours), arriving in the late afternoon or evening. Check in and enjoy a good stay in this legendary Silk Road city.

Today, immerse yourself in Samarkand, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the former capital of the Timurid Empire (14th–15th centuries). Known as Uzbekistan’s cultural heart and second-largest city, Samarkand dazzles visitors with its monumental architecture, Silk Road legends, and vibrant bazaars. From the majestic Gur-e Amir Mausoleum to the iconic Registan Square, the grand Bibi Khanim Mosque, the breathtaking Shahi Zinda Necropolis, and the lively Siyab Bazaar, you will discover a city that celebrates the glory and power of the Timurid dynasty.

Begin at Gur-e Amir Mausoleum, the final resting place of Amir Timur (Tamerlane), completed in 1404. This striking monument, crowned with a ribbed azure dome, served as a prototype for later Mughal architecture, including India’s Taj Mahal. Step inside to marvel at its gilded interior, intricate jade tombstones, and delicate calligraphy. Look for Timur’s legendary grave marker, said to carry a warning: “Whosoever disturbs my tomb will unleash an invader more terrible than I.” When Soviet archaeologists opened the tomb in June 1941, Nazi Germany invaded the USSR days later - a story that adds an air of mystery to your visit.

Next, head to Registan Square, the heart of Samarkand and one of the Silk Road’s most magnificent sights. Once a sandy gathering place for royal decrees, military parades, and festivals, it is now flanked by three resplendent madrasahs: Ulugh Beg Madrasa (1420), with its starry celestial mosaics; Sher-Dor Madrasa (1619), famed for its unique lion mosaics; and Tilya-Kori Madrasa (1660), with a dazzling gold-leaf dome that graces the cover of many guidebooks. By day, Registan is a masterpiece of symmetry and tilework; by night, it transforms under magical illuminations - a perfect spot for photography.

Continue to the monumental Bibi Khanim Mosque, one of the largest in the Islamic world. Built in 1404 to honor Timur’s wife, the mosque is steeped in legend - including the tale of the architect who dared to kiss Bibi Khanim and met Timur’s wrath. Step inside to admire gilded decorations inspired by local embroidery traditions.

Right nearby lies Siyab Bazaar, where you can sample Samarkand’s famous round bread, dried fruits, and spices while mingling with locals - a lively reminder that Samarkand was once a key Silk Road trading hub.

End your day with a stroll through Shahi Zinda Necropolis, an extraordinary “avenue of mausoleums” climbing a hillside. This necropolis, dating from the 11th to 15th centuries, contains some of the finest examples of Timurid-era tilework and the tombs of Timur’s female relatives and high-ranking nobles. The site is also believed to house the grave of Qutham ibn Abbas, cousin of Prophet Muhammad, making it a revered pilgrimage site. With its brilliant turquoise domes and intricate mosaics, Shahi Zinda is not just a spiritual landmark but also one of Samarkand’s most photogenic spots.

In the morning, explore more about Samarkand, the Silk Road gem. With a visit to the Ulugh Beg Observatory, Tomb of Sait Daniel, and Afrosiab Museum, you may see why it was the center of history, culture, and scientific contributions in the past. Then, head back to Tashkent by train.

The Ulugh Beg Observatory is a must-visit for history and astronomy enthusiasts. Built in the 1420s by the renowned Astronomer King Ulugh Beg (grandson of the emperor Timur), it was one of the most advanced observatories of its time. Destroyed in 1449 and rediscovered in 1908, the ruins reveal medieval Samarkand’s intellectual prowess. You should not miss the impressive sextant (11m long), used to calculate celestial positions with incredible accuracy. The on-site museum offers fascinating insights into Ulugh Beg’s contributions to science. Perched on a hill, the observatory combines breathtaking views of Samarkand with the legacy of a visionary astronomer.

Next, visit the Khodja Doniyor Mausoleum (Tomb of Sait Daniel), a sacred site revered by Muslims, Jews, and Christians alike. It houses the tomb of Prophet Daniel (under five domes), which stretches an astonishing 18 meters long due to a legend of the saint's remains growing over time. Timur brought Daniel’s relics here in the 15th century, creating a pilgrimage hub. This site, located on the banks of the Siab River, also features a sacred spring with healing properties, making it a peaceful and powerful place to reflect and witness the confluence of different faiths. It is a great spot to undestand Samarkand – the crossroads of cultures.

Before transferring to train station for Tashkent, it’s a great idea to conclude your Samarkand tour with a visit to the Afrosiab Museum. This museum, built atop Samarkand’s 2,500-year-old ruins, unveils the city’s ancient soul. Its crown jewel is the 7th-century Sogdian frescoes, notably the "Hall of Ambassadors" mural, depicting King Varkhuman receiving envoys from China, Persia, and beyond—a testament to Silk Road diplomacy. Artifacts like pottery, coins, and ossuaries trace eras from the Achaemenid to Timurid periods, while a scale model reconstructs the pre-Mongol metropolis. A must for history lovers to walk through a lost golden age.

Take a train ride to Tashkent for overnight.

On this day, you will be transferred from Tashkent Airport for your flight to Bishkek (1.5 hours). Welcome to Kyrgyzstan! Often called the "Switzerland of Central Asia," Kyrgyzstan is famous for its breathtaking natural beauty and nomadic culture. Bishkek, the capital, is filled with Soviet-era charm and lush greenery.

Upon landing at Manas International Airport (FRU) in Bishkek, your local driver will be waiting to transfer you to your downtown hotel. (Tip: the airport is about 32 km northwest of Bishkek, 40min to 1-hour drive.) After checking in, you'll have time to rest and refresh.

This afternoon, enjoy a half-day Bishkek city tour. Highlights include:

Begin at the city's main square - Ala-Too Square. See the imposing statue of Manas, the legendary national hero, as well as the Government House and the national flagpole. At certain times, you may also witness military changing-of-the-guard ceremony.

From the square, walk to beautiful Oak Park, a quiet retreat in the city center with centuries-old oak trees and a collection of sculptures.

Located near the park, visit State Historical Museum. this museum offers an excellent introduction to Kyrgyzstan's rich history and culture. Inside, you'll find over 80,000 artifacts and gain insight into the lives of ancient nomadic peoples. Exhibits include a full-scale Kyrgyz yurt and various handicrafts made from felt, leather, wood, and wool. You can also admire intricate traditional clothing, embroidery, and horse gear, and learn about the country's history during the Russian Empire and Soviet periods.

Osh Bazaar is yourlast stop. Experience local life and browse everything from fresh produce, spices, and dried fruits to traditional clothing, handicrafts, and carpets.

Transfer back to your hotel.

Free time ideas for your OWN EXPLORATION:

1. When night falls, take a walk along Chui Avenue. This main thoroughfare is lined with magnificent Soviet-era buildings and has a variety of shops, cafés, restaurants, and shopping centers.
2. Choose a local restaurant to try traditional Kyrgyz dishessuch as beshbarmak (the national dish), plov (pilaf), laghman (thick noodles with meat and vegetables), or various kinds of shashlik (meat skewers).

After breakfast, your journey will take you east from Bishkek towards Issyk-Kul, the world's second-largest high-altitude lake.

En route, you'll visit the Burana Tower. This historic site, originally built in the 11th century, was once part of Balasagun, the ancient capital of the Kara-Khanid Khanate. You can climb to the top of the tower to get a spectacular view of the surrounding ruins and the distant snow-capped mountains. On the ground, you can walk among the Balbals, stone figures that are medieval Turkic nomadic gravestones, offering a fascinating glimpse into the region's ancient past.

Afterward, continue your drive to Cholpon-Ata (3-hour drive), on the northern shore of Issyk-Kul. You'll check in to your hotel, and the rest of the day will be yours to relax and enjoy the beautiful lake.

Issyk-Kul is the "Pearl of Central Asia"! The lake's name means "warm lake" in Kyrgyz, as its saltwater composition keeps it from freezing even at an altitude of 1,607 meters. Its crystal-clear waters give you the feeling of being on the seashore.

Ideas for Free Time at Issyk-Kul Lake:

(1) Relax or Swim: Head to the golden sandy beaches to sunbathe or swim in the warm, clear water. (2) Take a Boat Trip: Go to the pier and take a boat out onto the lake to admire the magnificent views of the surrounding snow-capped mountains.

Enjoy breakfast at your hotel. After that, you'll visit the Petroglyphs Museum. This open-air museum (42 hectares) is set on vast land with the majestic Tianshan Mountain range as backdrop. Here, you'll find ancient petroglyphs carved on massive black basalt stones, which are dated from the 2nd millennium BC until the 4th century AD. These carvings depict animals like wolves and snow leopards, as well as hunting and sacrificial scenes.

After that, you will be transferred to Karakol. It is about 145km, with 3-3.5 hours’ drive. Karakol is the administrative center of the Issyk-Kul region. The city also served as a military outpost during the 19th-century Russian Empire.

Upon arrival, you will spend some time exploring Karakol. You'll head to the Dungan Mosque. Built in 1904, this mosque was constructed entirely of wood, without a single nail. Instead of a minaret, it features a pagoda-like wooden tower. Its unique architecture is a stunning blend of Central Asian Islamic and traditional Chinese temple styles, with a vibrant green, blue, and yellow exterior. Its roof features Chinese-style glazed tiles and intricate wood carvings, while its interior layout fully complies with Islamic traditions.

Later, you'll visit the Holy Trinity Orthodox Cathedral. This church is also a wooden structure, with a cruciform shape and five golden onion-shaped domes - a typical style for Russian Orthodox church. The interior is beautifully decorated, preserving many valuable religious frescoes and icons that depict stories of Jesus, the Virgin Mary, and the saints.

After the tour, get back to your hotel in Karakol for a good rest.

After breakfast, you'll depart from Karakol and drive to Jety-Oguz Gorge. This gorge, which means "Seven Bulls" in Kyrgyz, is famous for its unique red rock formations, lush valleys, and romantic legends. You'll marvel at the iconic Seven Bulls landmark, where seven giant red rocks stand side-by-side, resembling seven bulls. This is the first and most important photo spot in the gorge. Next to it, an isolated red rock shaped like a Broken Heart is another popular sight. As you venture deeper into the gorge, you'll discover more abundant and pristine natural beauty.

Later, you will be transferred to Bokonbayevo (about 2 hours’ drive). This village is famous for its authentic nomadic culture and is one of the centers of eagle hunting in Kyrgyzstan. You can watch how hunters work with a golden eagle to demonstrate ancient hunting techniques - one of the oldest traditions of the Kyrgyz nomads.

After that, you'll head to Kyzyl-Tuu village, also located on the southern shore of Issyk-Kul. This village is famous for its traditional yurt-making skills, which have been passed down from generation to generation. Considered a living museum for this craft, Kyzyl-Tuu's artisans have mastered all the ancient techniques, from building the wooden frame to making the felt. You'll have a chance to watch yurt-making demonstration and see how they transform a pile of wooden frames and felt into a functional and sturdy traditional home.

Stay overnight at Kyzyl-Tuu village.

After breakfast, depart Kyzyl-Tuu Village and journey back to Bishkek on a scenic 4-hour drive. Sit back and enjoy the ever-changing views of Kyrgyzstan’s pristine mountains, lush valleys, and wide-open skies.

Upon arrival in Bishkek, the rest of the day is free for you to relax or explore the city at your own pace.

Travel Tip - Extend Your Nature Experience:

For those who wish to soak in more of Kyrgyzstan’s natural beauty, we recommend an afternoon excursion to Ala-Archa National Park, just 40 minutes southwest of Bishkek. Nicknamed the city’s “backyard park,” Ala-Archa is a stunning alpine escape in the Tian Shan Mountains. Imagine Switzerland-like scenery: snow-capped peaks, alpine meadows, rushing rivers, and fragrant pine forests. Light hiking here is a treat - follow the riverside trail for the best views. With luck, you may spot red deer, mountain goats, or even the elusive snow leopard.

After breakfast, you will have some free time to explore Bishkek. Afterward, you will be transferred to the airport for your flight to your next destination or to return home. Your 12-day Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan tour concludes here. (Tip: Please inform us of your flight details so we can arrange your airport transfer accordingly.)

Optional Extension:

Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan are parts of a larger Central Asia tour. You can also cover other highlights in Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. We can tailor Central Asia tour based on your preferred duration and interests.

Thank you for choosing Asia Odyssey Travel for your Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan tour. We look forward to welcoming you back for your next adventure!